Repossession is the taking back of goods or chattels where
the correct documentation is held, and a debt is due.
To repossess something is a here and now
demand for payment, if the debtor fails to pay the full amount due the property
is forfeit. The property is normally
held for a set period (generally a month, or a period as set down in the
documentation), and then sold at auction to recover monies owed.
During this time the debtor may pay restitution (including
monies owed, interest, fee's associated with the repossession and cost of
storage), and recover their goods.
A court application may be made which shortens the time for
which the property is held.
The repossession process does vary depending on the
agreement between the parties made at the time of the lease or hire purchase
agreement, or loan/other agreement between parties.
Title in the property is transferred back to the creditor as
a result of a breach of contract. For
leases title is not transferred until the completion of the lease, a chattel
mortgage grants title to the owner, but a security is held over the goods -
this security is the basis of the repossession for failure to pay. Any interest in the property by the debtor is
destroyed by the process of auction.
If
the auction fails to gain sufficient funds to cover the debt the difference is
still the responsibility of the debtor.
An auction will not generally receive the same value as a
shopfront sale - when talking about good and chattels - including motor
vehicles and boats, auctions receive lower prices.
Other forms of repossession include as the result of a court order, or as part of the winding up process undertaken during foreclosure or bankruptcy action.